February 2025

The Test for starch

By |2025-02-12T09:35:27+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

  • During the process of photosynthesis, a plant absorbs, a process which is aided by the presence of chlorophyll in the leaf
  • This enables the plant to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose
  • Some of this glucose is used up by the plant however
  • Any excess is turned into starch for storage
  • You can, therefore, test a plant’s leaf for starch in […]
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Examining adaptations of flowers to pollination

By |2025-02-12T09:25:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A bird pollinating a flower. Image credit gilligalloubird.com A bird pollinating a flower. Image credit gilligalloubird.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Reproduction in plants: Examining adaptations of flowers to pollination

Materials: maize(male and female) or any type of grass flowers, bean flowers or any insect pollinated flowers, hand lenses, microscope slides, […]

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Isotopes and the importance of proton numbers

By |2025-02-12T09:06:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The three isotopes of hydrogen. Image credit wikipedia.org The three isotopes of hydrogen. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Isotopes and the importance of proton numbers

  • The electron orbits of these two elements is small and can only carry two electrons
  • The next element in the series is lithium
  • It comes […]
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Predicting reactions of a metal using the reactivity series

By |2025-02-12T09:40:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The reactivity series. Image credit wordpress.com The reactivity series. Image credit wordpress.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Predicting reactions of a metal using the reactivity series

  • Metals do not react with water and air at the same rate
  • The rate at which they react differs from metal to metal
  • Some metals […]
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Experiment: Making acidic and alkaline solutions

By |2025-02-12T09:08:03+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Burning sulpher Burning sulpher ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Making acidic and alkaline solutions

Aim: To make acidic and alkaline solutions

Materials: sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, zinc oxide, unversal indicator, deflagrating spoon, sulpher, powdered carbon

Method

  1. Dissolve a very small amount of sodium oxide in half a test tube of water
  2. Add 2 drops […]
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Extraction of copper from sulphides

By |2025-02-12T09:26:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes:Extraction of copper from sulphides

  • Copper is extracted from various types of ore including sulphide ores
  • For example copper ores found on the Great Dyke near Mhangura is of the sulphide type
  • Once the sulphide ore is extracted from the earth
  • It is crushed to form a very fine powder which is then further […]
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