February 2025

Air Transport in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:12:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Air Zimbabwe Boeing 707-330B Hoppe. credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Air Transport in Zimbabwe

  • Modern airports are very costly to build and maintain and require a very large area of flat land on which to build them.
  • Large areas to build arrival and departure terminals, custom offices, warehouses and maintenance […]
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Problems faced during exploitation of natural resources

By |2025-02-12T09:26:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mining without capital. A Korokoza descends into a mine. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Problems of Resources Exploitation

  • Resources exploitation is not easy and there are many difficulties that are faced which can be grouped into physical factors and human factors.
  • The following are physical and […]
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Forests in Zimbabwe: Brachystegia Savanna Woodland

By |2025-02-12T09:19:45+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A group of Musasa trees on a low hill. Image credit flickr.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Renewable Resources: Forests in Zimbabwe: Brachystegia Savanna Woodland

  • This type of woodland generally covers much of the country’s Highveld, generally lying between 900 and 1 200 metres above sea level.
  • Brachystegia is […]
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Water as a renewable resource

By |2025-02-12T09:12:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Water is a critical life resource.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Water as a renewable resource

  • Water covers over two-thirds of the earth’s surface.
  • It is found in oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, ice caps, glaciers and in underground aquifers.
  • Of the world’s most abundant water resources, only 3% is fresh water and […]
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Fish conservation

By |2025-02-12T09:08:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Police patrols can reduce fish poaching. Image credit flickr.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Fish conservation

  • The fishing industry in the SADC region can only be sustained if sustainable methods are employed.
  • The following methods of conservation have been put in place in the region.
  • Legislation has been enacted […]
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Hydro-electric power

By |2025-02-12T09:27:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A hydro-electric power station. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Hydro-electric power

  • At a hydro-electric power plant, water leaves the lake or reservoir at high pressure (speed) and goes through pen stocks (concrete or steel pipes) to the turbines in a power house underground.
  • The force of […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of coal as a source of energy

By |2025-02-12T08:58:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Burning coal

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Advantages and Disadvantages of coal as a source of energy

 Advantages

  • Relatively high energy amount.
  • Fairly plentiful with global estimate use of 4 000 years.
  • Employment creation in mining, processing, burning and distribution.
  • Has many other industrial uses.
  • Relatively cheap energy source.

Disadvantages

  • Non-renewable […]
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Pipelines

By |2025-02-12T09:33:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Pipeline under construction. Image credit MediaWiki Pipeline under construction. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Pipeline

Advantages

  • They are very efficient
  • They are cheap once the installation has been completed.
  • They can carry fluids in bulk.

Disadvantages

  • They are immobile i.e the route cannot be changed once they are installed.
  • Can only carry fluids […]
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Introduction and importance of population studies

By |2025-02-12T08:56:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A child holding a clinic card. Image credit BBC A child holding a clinic card. Image credit BBC ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population:Introduction and importance of population studies

  • Population studies is the scientific study of human populations
  • It entails the study of:
  1. population numbers
  2. Their growth and decline
  3. deaths
  4. births

    5. […]

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Migration: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:19:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Forced Migration. Image credit UNHCR

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Introduction

  • Migration is the permanent or semi-permanent movement of people from one area to another, one country to another or one continent to another.
  • This involves the change of residence
  • There are several ways to classify migrations and these are:
    1. In terms […]
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