February 2025

Experiment: Determining the best conditions for the production of ethanol

By |2025-02-12T09:09:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fermentation of glucose Fermentation of glucose ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Determining the best conditions for the production of ethanol

Aim: To determine the best conditions for ethanol production

Materials: 5% glucose solution, 20% glucose solution, yeast, sodium hydroxide solution, mealie meal, dilute hydrochloric acid, thermometer, conical flask, cork, glass tube, test tube, […]

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Experiment: Demonstrating that carbon dioxide extinguishes a burning flame

By |2025-02-12T09:10:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Carbon dioxide extinguishes flames Carbon dioxide extinguishes flames ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Demonstrating that carbon dioxide extinguishes a burning flame

Aim: to show that carbon dioxide extinguishes a flame

Materials:  3 different sized candles, vinegar, baking soda, beaker or plastic bottle, shallow dish

Method

  1. Place the 3 pieces of candle in a […]
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Fuel efficiency

By |2025-02-12T09:11:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Fuel efficiency

  • Fuel efficiency measures the amount of energy that can be obtained from a given quantity of fuel
  • It is often useful to know which fuel gives the most energy(heat) per given unit
  • In a laboratory fuel efficiency can be determined by measuring the temperature rise of water when it is […]
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Experiment:investigating fuel efficiency

By |2025-02-12T09:11:59+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Testing fuel to determine its energy content Testing fuel to determine its energy content ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment:investigating fuel efficiency

Aim: To determine the amount of heat liberated when different liquid fuels burn

Materials:  2 spirit burners, wooden block, clamp and stand, meths, paraffin, thermometer, draught shields, clamp, beaker, water, tripod […]

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Fuel Engines

By |2025-02-12T09:12:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Most cars use fuel engine. Image credit ecurrent.fit.edu/blog/ Most cars use fuel engine. Image credit ecurrent.fit.edu/blog/ ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Fuel Engines

  • A machine is a device that changes energy from one form to another
  • When the energy used by the machine is chemical energy the machine is called […]
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The carburetor

By |2025-02-12T09:14:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A carburettor is an important part of the Petrol engine. Image credit MediaWiki A carburettor is an important part of the Petrol engine. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: The carburetor

  • A carburettor is an essential part of Petrol engines
  • A typical carburettor has the following parts:
  • An […]
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Types of fuel

By |2025-02-12T09:01:00+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Engen Garage. Image credit chronicle.co.zw Engen Garage. Image credit chronicle.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Types of fuel

  • A fuel is any type of material that can be made to react (commonly with oxygen) and release energy in the process
  • Fuel provides energy to a body/machine to do work
  • Fuels […]
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Experiment: Burning fuels

By |2025-02-12T09:02:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Burning Fuels Burning Fuels ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Burning fuels

Aim: To burn and investigate the nature of fuels

Materials: methylated spirits/alcohol, candle, meths burner, bunsen burner, paraffin, tin lid or porcelain dish, tongs

Method

  1. Light a meths burner and observe the flame
  2. Burn a small amount of alcohol on a tine lid, […]
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