February 2025

Chain of Command,Line vs Staff Authority

By |2025-02-12T09:36:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Staff and Line Staff. Image credit usine-digitale.fr Staff and Line Staff. Image credit usine-digitale.fr

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Chain of Command,Line vs Staff Authority

  • Chain of command-refers to the hierarchy of authority by which order, directions and communications are passed down from the top to the bottom
  • It is […]
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Trade Unions in Zimbabwe and their types

By |2025-02-12T09:11:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Trade Unions in Zimbabwe and their types

There are a number of trade unions that operate in Zimbabwe. Below is a list of some of them and their categories. As clearly demonstrated a trade union can belong to more than one category.

NB Due to persistent economic crisis that have greatly […]

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The Management function

By |2025-02-12T09:32:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management: Training: The Management function

  • is the planning, organizing, leading/commanding, controlling and coordinating of the organisation’s activities so as to make sure the organisation’s objectives are achieved in an efficient and effective manner
  • Management can also be defined as the art of doing work through others
  • It entails […]
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Choice of Media in Advertising

By |2025-02-12T09:09:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Choice of Media in Advertising

  • An important factor in advertising is choosing the right media
  • Media refers to the communication channel through which data or information flows
  • Media includes every broadcasting and narrow-casting medium such as:
  • newspapers,
  • magazines,
  • TV, radio,
  • billboards,
  • direct mail,
  • telephone,
  • fax,
  • and internet.
  • Several factors have to be […]
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Production: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:25:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Production: Introduction

  • Production refers to the process and methods by which inputs i.e. raw materials or semi-finished goods are combined with other factors of production are turned into finished products or semi-finished goods products
  • During the production process the factors of production are combined to make a finished product that can […]
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Business Studies: Liquidity ratios

By |2025-02-12T09:06:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis:Liquidity ratios

  • Liquidity is a measure of how well a business can meet its short term obligations as and when they fall due
  • It is usually expressed in terms of how well the entity in question can convert its assets into cash
  • Short term obligations include amounts owed […]
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Cambrige Notes: Financial statements

By |2025-02-12T09:45:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Cambridge O Level/ IGSCE Accounts Notes, Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cambridge IGCSE Accounting(0452)/O Level Principles of Accounts(7110) Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Financial statements/ Final Accounts

  • The accounting function exists mainly to record, analyse and present financial information
  • Presentation of financial information involves the preparation of what are known as final accounts
  • They are called final accounts because they are the last accounts to be prepared
  • They are also […]
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Motivation and Motivational Theories

By |2025-02-12T09:22:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Construction workers. Image credit biznetafrica.com Construction workers. Image credit biznetafrica.com ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Motivation and Motivational Theories

  • People work for any number of reasons
  • Most people work because they want to earn money and survive while others work voluntarily
  • Others work because they find meaning and fulfillment in […]
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Centralisation and decentralization

By |2025-02-12T09:38:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Decentralisation vs Centralisation Decentralisation vs Centralisation. Image pixabay.com

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Centralisation and decentralization

  • An organisation’s structure can be centralised or decentralised
  • Centralisation-is when power, authority and decision making are concentrated at the top of the organisation’s hierarchy
  • This means activities such as planning and decision making are […]
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