February 2025

Introduction to Limited Liability Companies

By |2025-02-12T09:21:51+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

Pick n Pay is an example of a limited liability company. Image credit tmsm.co.zw Pick n Pay is an example of a limited liability company. Image credit tmsm.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Introduction to Limited Liability Companies

  • Contrary to popular belief among students and common people the word company […]
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Communication in business: Open meeting

By |2025-02-12T09:36:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Business Meeting. Image credit atlantablackstar.com

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Communication: Open meeting

  • Is a formal or informal gathering of individuals that deliberately come together to deliberate on certain issues of importance to the organisation and its members
  • Formal meetings are planned,  officially recognised by the organisation and have a agenda […]
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Types of Industrial Action

By |2025-02-12T09:14:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Trade Unions: Types of Industrial Action

  • If and when there is a failure in negotiations and conflict resolution employees may resort to industrial action
  • Industrial action refers to steps that employees can take to force management to accept their demands
  • There are various types of industrial action:
  • Withdrawal of cooperation

    • […]

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The Marketing Department

By |2025-02-12T09:35:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing:The Marketing Department

  • Is responsible for executing and implementing the organisation’s marketing functions
  • It carries out functions such as:
    1. Marketing research:
      1. Identifying opportunities that lie in the market that the business might exploit
      2. Carrying out desk and field research
      3. Analyzing data gathered from marketing research and making decisions
    2. New product development in […]
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Marketing: Sales Promotion

By |2025-02-12T09:11:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Sales Promotion

  • Refers to all forms of promotion other than  advertising or personal selling
  • Stimulation of sales achieved through contests,
  • demonstrations,
  • discounts,
  • exhibitions or trade shows,
  • games,
  • giveaways,
  • point-of-sale displays and merchandising,
  • special offers,
  • trial periods
  • and similar activities.
  • Sales promotions are normally employed in a supportive role together with other forms […]
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Flow Production/Line Production

By |2025-02-12T09:29:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Production: Flow Production/Line Production

  • This is also known as assembly line or continuous production
  • It is a method used to manufacture, produce, or process materials without interruption to produce products
  • It involves repetitive manufacturing processes in which each product passes through the same sequence of operations,
  • and the machines and other equipment are […]
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Business Studies: Budgets an introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:13:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis:Budgets an introduction

  • As pointed out in another topic one of the principal functions of management is planning
  • It involves creating predetermined courses of action (i.e. plans)
  • A budget is a plan of action for achieving quantified objectives
  • Budgets are plans of action expressed in quantitative(measurable) terms

    • […]

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Cambrige Notes: Sole Trader Businesses

By |2025-02-12T09:00:49+02:00February 12th, 2025|Cambridge O Level/ IGSCE Accounts Notes, Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cambridge IGCSE Accounting(0452)/O Level Principles of Accounts(7110) Notes: Sole Trader Businesses

Characteristics/Features

  • It is a form of business where there is only one owner who manages and controls the business.
  • The owner of a business is also known as a proprietor and hence the business is also known as a sole proprietorship which means the business has one owner.
  • A […]
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Introduction to Shares

By |2025-02-12T09:22:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

Image credit pfguru.com Image credit pfguru.com ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Introduction to Shares

  • This is a unit or portion of capital.
  • It represents a stake in a limited liability business.

Types/Classes of shares.

  • There are basically two types of shares:
  • Ordinary and preference shares.

Ordinary shares

  • these represent equity ownership […]
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