February 2025

Problems of communication failure/ineffective communication

By |2025-02-12T09:09:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Communication in Business: Problems of communication failure/ineffective communication

  • The importance of communication to a business cannot be overestimated
  • Communication problems and failure will lead to:
  • Inefficiency
  • Failure to formulate and communication plans and objectives
  • Failure to achieve the organisation’s goals
  • Demotivation, low morale and other problems with employees for example […]
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Training: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:28:47+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management: Training: Introduction

  • Is an organized activity aimed at imparting information and/or instructions to improve the recipient’s performance or to help him or her attain a required level of knowledge or skill
  • Training and development are the official and ongoing educational activities within an organization designed to enhance […]
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Marketing: Packaging

By |2025-02-12T09:06:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Packaging

  • Traditionally packaging refers to the functions/processes such as cleaning, drying, preserving  and materials employed to:
    1. contain,
    2. handle,
    3. protect,
    4. and/or transport a product
  • In modern days packaging now does more than just the utilitarian functions mention above
  • It plays such important roles as:
  • Attracting the attention of potential customers
  • Make the product […]
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Channels of Distribution

By |2025-02-12T09:21:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Channels of Distribution

  • Also known as distribution channels
  • This refers to the path through which goods and services travel from the vendor to the consumer or payments for those products travel from the consumer to the vendor
  • A distribution channel can be as short as a direct transaction from the vendor to […]
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Business Studies: Financial statements

By |2025-02-12T09:45:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Financial statements/ Final Accounts

  • The accounting function exists mainly to record, analyse and present financial information
  • Presentation of financial information involves the preparation of what are known as final accounts
  • They are called final accounts because they are the last accounts to be prepared
  • They are also made at […]
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Business Studies: Aiding and protecting the consumer: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:33:33+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Persuading and protecting the consumer

  • Businesses exist to make sales to the customer/consumer
  • To do this businesses need to communicate with the customer with the aim of persuading the potential to buy the business’s products
  • This persuasion is carried out the form of marketing promotions
  • While most businesses act ethically without laws […]
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Principles of Accounting: Discount Received entries simple example

By |2025-02-12T09:13:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Source Documents: Three Column Cash Book: Discount Received entries simple example

  • We have looked at the concept of Discount Received here
  • In this topic we will look at entries that can be used to record discount received
  • One thing to be wary off is that different suppliers will likely have different discount […]
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Principles of Accounting: Correcting Errors

By |2025-02-12T09:03:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Correcting Errors

  • Errors are not uncommon in accounting processes
  • Often these errors are discovered and revealed at a later date than on the date they were made
  • Errors should not be corrected by tearing/cancelling out the wrong number or similar methods
  • Instead they are corrected by making Journal entries
  • Examination and […]
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Principles of Accounting: Causes of Depreciation

By |2025-02-12T09:35:11+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Introduction to depreciation

  • We have already explained that depreciation is the wasting away of fixed assets
  • We have also explained that it is treated as an expense in the Income Statement where it should appear at least once a year
  • Now we will look at the causes of depreciation
  • It is caused […]
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Principles of Accounting: Purchases Control Accounts

By |2025-02-12T09:20:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Purchases Control Accounts

  • Purchases Control Accounts contain a summary view of the purchases ledger
  • Below is a typical purchases control account:
  • Naturally the exact entries depend on transactions that occur in the business in the period under review or the question in an exam

Sources of information when preparing

NB

  • It is […]
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