February 2025

Farming types in Africa: Bush Fallowing

By |2025-02-12T09:04:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Maize Field. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming:Bush Fallowing

  • In many respects, it is similar to shifting cultivation but differs in that instead of rotating homes, the cultivated land is rotated.
  • The once cultivated area is abandoned without any crops for about five years […]
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Reasons for the decline of plantation farming in Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:40:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sugarcane in the Lowveld. Image credit voanews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Reasons for the decline of plantation farming in Africa

  • Despite the advantages of estate farming estate farming has its problems.
  • They exhaust soils of the same nutrients since one crop may be grown for up to 30 […]
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Nomadic Pastoralism

By |2025-02-12T09:05:11+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fulani Nomads. Image credit todayonline.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming: Nomadic Pastoralism

  • Another traditional farming system still practiced in Africa and dates back for centuries is nomadic pastoralism.
  • The people who practice nomadism are called nomads.
  • Livestock kept by the nomads in Africa include goats, sheep, donkeys, […]
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The major estates of Zimbabwe: Hippo Valley case study

By |2025-02-12T09:40:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hippo Valley Estate. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:The major estates of Zimbabwe: Hippo Valley case study

  • Hippo Valley estate is located in the S.E Lowveld of Zimbabwe.
  • Size-Large land of size 111 4555 ha leased to a company by government.
  • Ownership-Ownership is by Anglo-American Corporation […]
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Nomadic way of life

By |2025-02-12T09:05:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Children of Nomads. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming:Nomadic way of life

  • Nomads are always on the move and their way of life is quite tough due to the harsh environment.
  • Nomads move following traditional routes and following rainbelt zones.
  • They travel light to enable […]
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Irrigation Farming

By |2025-02-12T09:41:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Small scale irrigation. Image credit wfp.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Irrigation Farming

  • This is the artificial application of water on land in order to grow crops when prevailing climatic and weather conditions cannot sustain such crop growth.
  • This expensive farming system is carried out in order to:
    1. Increase […]
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Problems caused by nomadism

By |2025-02-12T09:06:07+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Tuaregs of North Africa. Image credit thisfabtrek.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming: Problems caused by nomadism

  • The way of life led by the nomads creates a lot of problems to the environment, to themselves, to other people and to African governments.
  • These problems include:

Cattle diseases.

  • These spread […]
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Types of Irrigation

By |2025-02-12T09:42:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sprinkler irrigation are a form of modern irrigation. Image credit financialgazette.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Irrigation Farming:Types of Irrigation

  • irrigation may be divided into two groups namely:
  • traditional forms of irrigation and
  • modern ones.

Traditional forms of irrigation

  • Under traditional methods, there’s the water wheel moved by draught power […]
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Solutions to the Problems Caused by Nomadism

By |2025-02-12T09:11:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sedentarization is a possible solution. Image credit aljazeera.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Solutions to the Problems Caused by Nomadism

  • The problem caused by nomads are a cause for concern for settled farmers and governments in Africa, as well as international organisation such as the United Nations.
  • As a result, […]
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Farming types in Africa: Shifting Cultivation

By |2025-02-12T09:45:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Shifting Cultivation Land. Image credit geography.name

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming:Shifting Cultivation

Areas where practised in Africa

  • Central DRC,
  • Miombo Woodlands of Tanzania,
  • The Chitemene system by the Bemba and the Ushi in north-east Zambia,
  • The Chiinge system in the Chipinge area of Zimbabwe and
  • Central Guinea.

Characteristics

  • Shifting […]
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