February 2025

Customer oriented pricing

By |2025-02-12T09:17:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Customer oriented pricing

  • This is pricing based on the demand for the product and customer’s perceptions of the product’s value
  • Various techniques are used
  • Perceived value pricing-is where the price is chosen to position the product in the market
  • A price is chosen which is consistent with the image of the product
  • This […]
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Importance of cash flow to the business

By |2025-02-12T09:38:51+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Importance of cash flow to the business

  • It is important for a business to manage its cash flow carefully
  • As pointed out in the introduction there is a difference between cash flow and profitability
  • It is quite possible for a business to be profitable and still have cash flow […]
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Business Studies: The uses and limitations/weaknesses of break even analysis

By |2025-02-12T09:26:59+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Break even analysis: The uses and limitations/weaknesses of break even analysis

  • Break even analysis has it’s strengths and weaknesses

Advantages/Uses/Strengths of Break even analysis

  • Break even analysis is an important investment appraisal option as it allows management to quickly asses the viability of a proposition
  • Margin of safety calculations are […]
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Principles of Accounting: Three Column Cash Book

By |2025-02-12T09:04:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Source Documents: Three Column Cash Book

  • Most businesses offer credit sales in order to increase sales
  • This creates the debtors accounts which are recorded in the ledger and appear in the Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet)
  • Cash and by extension working capital is the life blood of the business
  • To prevent […]
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Principles of Accounting: Balancing off the accounts

By |2025-02-12T09:38:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Balancing off the accounts

  • Thus far we have only looked at how to record various transactions including:
    1. Purchases
    2. Sales
    3. Returns Outwards and Returns Inwards
    4. Other transactions such as those found in the General Ledger
  • You might have noticed an entry that is listed as “Balance c/d” or “Balance b/d” in […]
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Principles of Accounting: Prepayments and the Financial statements

By |2025-02-12T09:26:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Prepayments and the Financial statements

  • A prepayment is when an amount is paid before it is due
  • In accounting there are two types of prepayments:
  • Prepaid expenses and
  • Prepaid income

Prepaid expenses

  • This is when the business prepays an expense
  • Examples are:
    • When a business pays rent payable in advance or
    • When it […]
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Principles of Accounting: Bad Debts and Provision for Doubtful Debts Example

By |2025-02-12T09:09:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Bad Debts and Provision for Doubtful Debts Example

A business, which started trading on 1 January 20X7, adjusted its doubtful debt provision at the end of each year on a […]

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Principles of Accounting: Profitability Ratios

By |2025-02-12T09:25:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Profitability Ratios

  • So we have already introduced you to accounting ratios
  • These ratios include a group of ratios that are known as profitability ratios
  • Such ratios measure how well a business performed in profit terms in a given period
  • At this level you are required to know how to calculate three profitability […]
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Principles of Accounting: Non-Profits Example: Income and Expenditure Account

By |2025-02-12T09:23:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounting: Accounting for non profit organisations Example

The Receipts and Payments Account

Chivero Angling Club Snack Bar Income Statement

Chivero Angling Club Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31 December 20×8

[…]

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Principles of Accounting: Appropriation Account Example

By |2025-02-12T09:23:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounting: Accounting for Partnerships: Appropriation Account Example

Example Question Appropriation Account

Gandanga, Waeni and Banda are partners. They share profits and losses in the respctive ratios

\tfrac{3}{8} : \tfrac{3}{8}: \tfrac{1}{4}
For the year ended 31 December […]

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