February 2025

Geographical organisation structure

By |2025-02-12T09:07:17+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Geographical based organisational structure

  • This is when an organisations divisions, operations, duties and positions are based geographical area, country, regions, provinces, towns or districts
  • Usually there is a Head Quarters to which all the subdivisions and their related personnel report to
  • The head quarters administers […]
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Communication in business: Face to face

By |2025-02-12T09:37:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Interpersonal communication. Image credit darryllshaw.co.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Leadership:One to one (interpersonal communication)

  • It is the exchange of information and ideas between two people
  • It involves face to face communication, verbal/spoken communication and non-verbal communication in form of gestures
  • It is the most frequently used form of communication when […]
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Employer’s responses to industrial action

By |2025-02-12T09:15:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Trade Unions: Employer’s responses to industrial actions

  • When negotiations between employers and employees fail, employees may engage in industrial action
  • Employers may counter these actions using various methods including:
    1. Dismissal of offending employees
    2. Manipulation and cooptation- i.e. buy off the leaders of the industrial action
    3. Lockout the strikers
    4. Strike breaking […]
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Marketing Research and Market Research

By |2025-02-12T09:36:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Marketing Research

  • Businesses identify and anticipate customer needs and wants using market research
  • Market research is the process concerned with identifying consumer needs and wants
  • Market research is not to be confused with marketing research
  • Market research is merely one part of market research
  • Marketing research is the systematic and objective collection, […]
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Marketing: Personal Selling

By |2025-02-12T09:12:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Personal Selling

  • Face-to-face selling in which a seller attempts to persuade a buyer to make a purchase.
  • It aims to persuade the customer and push the product by emphasizing it’s uses and advantages
  • It involves two way communication unlike the case with other forms of promotion such as advertising
  • Personal selling staff […]
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The location of a business

By |2025-02-12T09:30:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Production: The location of a business

  • When a business is formed, a new branch is being opened or the current site because unsatisfactory for some reason a business has to consider the location question
  • Location refers to the physical site upon which a business is located
  • A business’s objectives are in constant flux […]
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Uses, advantages and disadvantages of budgets

By |2025-02-12T09:13:33+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis: Budgets: Uses, advantages and disadvantages of budgets

  • Facilitate coordination between departments within the organisation
  • Helps to assign and clarify responsibilities e.g. the production department must produce and the marketing department sell produced units
  • Help to translate strategic plans into actionable departmental goals
  • Improves communication
  • Help to control […]
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Specialisation,Division of Labour and Trade

By |2025-02-12T09:10:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Assembly line production is an example of specialisation. Image credit Youtube.com Assembly line production is an example of specialisation. Image credit Youtube.com ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies: Specialization and division of labor.

Specialization

  • A situation where, by agreement, people who are more suited to perform a task as a result of technical […]
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