February 2025

The Product Life Cycle

By |2025-02-12T09:03:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: The Product Life Cycle

  • The term product life cycle is used to describe the phases through which a product passes from its introduction to decline
  • It is a basic fact in business that all products introduced go through a number of phases from their introduction to their eventual elimination
  • Generally a product […]
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Price Variations

By |2025-02-12T09:20:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing:Price Variations

  • In addition to employing varies pricing strategies  firms can also make use of price variations
  • This is when prices are adjusted depending on a variety of factors
  • This is usually achieved by using discounts
  • There are therefore a number of discounts
  • Discounts for bulk purchases
  • Discounts for prompt payments
  • Purchases […]
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Business Studies:The profit and loss account

By |2025-02-12T09:41:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: The profit and loss account

  • Organisations that operate on a profit basis traditionally prepare what used to be known as a trading and profit and loss account
  • Nowadays it is more generally known as an Income Statement
  • In strict financial accounting parlance it is called a Statement of Comprehensive […]
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Business Studies: Competition, Controlling Imports and Exports

By |2025-02-12T09:30:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Aiding and influencing the businesses: Competition, Controlling Imports and Exports

  • The government has a lot of incentives to control and regulate the operation of businesses
  • Control and regulation can be achieved in a number of ways
  • In this topic we will look at economic policies of the government
  • These include:
  • Regulating competition

    • […]

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Principles of Accounting: Discount Allowed entries simple example

By |2025-02-12T09:10:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Source Documents: Three Column Cash Book: Discount Allowed Example

  • We have already looked at Discount Allowed here
  • Here we will look at a simple example in order to look at the entries you need to make
  • We sold goods worth $500 to J Chimusoro on credit on 8 January
  • On January 12 […]
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Principles of Accounting: Trial Balance and Errors

By |2025-02-12T09:01:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Trial Balance and Errors

  • As already stated there are two main reasons for preparing a Trial Balance:
    1. It is used as a starting point for preparing financial statements
    2. To check for errors in the accounting system
  • Given that the second purpose of a Trial Balance is to check for errors in […]
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Principles of Accounting: Both prepaid and accrued income and expenses

By |2025-02-12T09:31:59+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Both prepaid and accrued income and expenses

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Principles of Accounting: Accounting for Capital and Revenue Expenditure

By |2025-02-12T09:16:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounts Notes: Accounting for Capital and Revenue Expenditure

  • Now that we have explained the differences between capital and revenue expenditure
  • It is time to look at how these are recorded in the books
  • Obviously the treatment is not the same

Accounting Treatment of Capital Expenditure

  • Capital expenditure must be recorded in the General Ledger […]
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Principles of Accounting: Current Asset Ratio

By |2025-02-12T09:34:59+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounting: Introduction to Liquidity Ratios: Current Asset Ratio

  • As pointed out in the introduction
  • One of the liquidity ratios that you need to be familiar with is the Current Asset Ratio
  • Like all liquidity ratios it measures how well a business will be able to settle its short term obligations as and when […]
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Principles of Accounting: Introduction to Departmental Accounts

By |2025-02-12T09:30:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Principles of Accounting: Introduction to Departmental Accounts

  • It is customary to split a large business into various departments
  • For example large retail shops like Pick n’ Pay and OK
  • A shop might have:
    • A furniture department e.g. kitchen tables and chairs
    • Home electrical e.g. irons and fridges
    • Refrigerated foods
    • Fruit and Veggies
    • Liquor
    • Cleaning
    • Foodstuffs etc

    • […]

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