February 2025

Commerce:Debentures

By |2025-02-12T09:12:33+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Debenture certificate. Image credit catawiki.com Debenture certificate. Image credit catawiki.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Debentures

Debentures

  • Are loan capital or money borrowed from financial institutions and individuals.
  • Earn interest at a fixed rate.
  • Interest is paid whether or not a company has made profits.
  • Debentures are creditors to the company.
  • A safe form of investment.
  • May […]
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Cambrige Notes: Public Limited Companies

By |2025-02-12T09:07:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Cambridge O Level/ IGSCE Accounts Notes, Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Business Organisations: Public Limited Companies

Formation

  • Membership is open to the public.
  • Membership is by invitation through a prospectus.
  • Formed by at least two shareholders and there is no upper limit.
  • Governed by the Companies Act.
  • The founding members have to draw up a prospectus, articles and memorandum of association and a statutory declaration and […]
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Commerce: Partnership Features

By |2025-02-12T09:01:30+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit adbrain.com Image credit adbrain.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Partnership Features

  • Is formed by written or verbal agreement between partners.
  • They are formed by 2-10 partners.
  • Professionals such as lawyers, doctors and accountants can form partnerships of 2 to unlimited members as they are not allowed to form limited liability companies.
  • Has fewer […]
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Commerce: Shares

By |2025-02-12T09:12:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Share certificate. Image credit genafashion.com Share certificate. Image credit genafashion.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Shares

Shares

  • A share is a unit of capital.
  • Business capital is divided into several units.
  • Owners of shares are called shareholders.

Types (Classes) of shares

Ordinary shares

  • Are also known as equities.
  • Receive dividends at variable rates which depend on profits made.
  • Receive […]
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Cambrige Notes: Differences between shares and debentures

By |2025-02-12T09:07:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|Cambridge O Level/ IGSCE Accounts Notes, Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Differences between shares and debentures

To access more topics go to the Commerce Notes page.

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Commerce: Partnership Deed

By |2025-02-12T09:02:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit flcker.com Image credit flickr.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Partnership Deed

Partnership Deed (Agreement)

  • Drafted by partners.
  • Contains:
  • The objectives of forming the partnership.
  • The amount of capital each partner is going to contribute towards the partnership.
  • Duties, responsibilities and rights of each partner.
  • Terms and conditions under which the partnership operates.
  • Circumstances under which the […]
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Cambrige Notes: Differences between Ordinary and Preference Shares

By |2025-02-12T09:07:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Cambridge O Level/ IGSCE Accounts Notes, Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Differences between Ordinary and Preference Shares

To access more topics go to the Cambridge IGCSE Accounting(0452)/O Level Principles of Accounts(7110) Notes.

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Commerce Notes:Partnership Act

By |2025-02-12T09:02:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit ndlink.org Image credit ndlink.org ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Partnership Deed

Partnership Act

  • Where a Partnership Deed has not been drafted, the Partnership Act is applicable
  • It is enacted by Parliament.
  • The Act sets out the following provisions:
  • the partners must contribute equal amounts of capital.
  • Any disputes must be settled by a majority […]
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Private Business Corporation

By |2025-02-12T09:14:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit rainregain.com Image credit rainregain.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Private Business Corporation

Private Business Corporation

  • found in the private sector.
  • Governed by the Private Business Corporation Act of 1993.
  • A cross between partnerships and limited companies.
  • A legal entity or body corporate which can sue or be sued in its own name.
  • Formed by […]
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